期刊
WATER RESEARCH
卷 157, 期 -, 页码 191-200出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.078
关键词
Nitrate removal; Zero-valent titanium (ZVT); Indirect electrochemical reduction; Essential reaction parameters; By-products
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51779088, 51709104]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M640595]
- Postdoctoral Innovation Talent Support Program of China [BX20180290]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2060120001]
In this study, indirect electrochemical reduction with zero-valent titanium (ZVT) as anode successfully achieved the selective nitrate removal from simulated groundwater. The maximum nitrate removal efficiency and N-2 selectivity reached to 83.4% and 78.5% after 12 h, respectively. Experimental results demonstrated that the gaseous by-products (NO and N2O) were negligible and the nitrate reduction process could be well depicted by pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Decreasing the pH value of electrolyte was favorable to electrical energy utilization efficiency and nitrate removal. The chloride ultimately showed inhibitory effects on electrochemical reduction of nitrate. During the electrochemical reaction, the ZVT lost electrons to generate the reducing agents (Ti3+ and Ti2+), which could afford electrons for nitrate reduction and form the solid by-products TiO2.4Cl0.2N0.1. A 2-stage strategy, indirect electrochemical reduction + hypochlorite treatment (pre-reduction + post-oxidation), was developed to completely remove nitrate and the long-term performance of nitrate reduction was comprehensively evaluated. The effluent nitrate steadily kept at 8.8 mg N/L during 120 h continuous operation when the influent nitrate concentration was 25.9 mg N/L Simultaneously, nitrite concentration was lower than 0.01 mg NIL, and ammonium and Ti ions were not detected in the effluent. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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