Fast and simultaneous doping of ST0.9-x-y-zCa0.1In2O4:(xEu3+, yTm3+, zTb3+) superstructure by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

In the present work, Sr0.9-x-y-zCa0.1In2O4:(xEu(3+), yTm(3+), zTb(3+)) particles were synthesized by the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method to obtain a single-phase white phosphorus formed by six different cations in solution within the lattice (superstructure). The samples were also structurally and morphologically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques and by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The photoluminescent behavior and the characteristics of the emitted colors were studied by the variation in the co-doping of the rare earth elements. The Sr0.9Ga0.1In2O4 sample showed a near blue color emission, but all co-doped samples showed emission in white with very close chromaticity coordinates to the standard white (x = 0.33 and y = 0.33). The Tm3+ -> Tb3+ (ET1), Tm3+ -> Eu3+ (ET2) and Tb3+ -> Eu3+ (ET3) Energy Transfers were proposed and are considered necessary for adjusting and controlling the desired color properties.