Characteristics of Flour and Starch Isolated from Red Rice Subjected to Different Drying Conditions

Drying is a method used to reduce grain moisture and prolong safe storage. The objective of the study is to evaluate the changes in red rice flour and starch submitted to sun-drying, continuous drying at 40 degrees C, continuous drying at 100 degrees C and intermittent drying. In general, the significant changes are found in continuous drying at 100 degrees C, followed by intermittent drying, continuous drying at 40 degrees C and sun-drying. Continuous drying at 100 degrees C reduces starch extraction yield and increases residual protein, leading to starch with dark reddish stains. At higher temperatures, increases in T-O and relative crystallinity and lower solubility, swelling power, Delta T occur. The flour gel presents higher values when intermittent drying is applied, differing from the starch gel, which higher hardness found at continuous drying method at 40 degrees C probably due to the macromolecules from rice pericarp. According to the increase in grain drying temperature, there are reductions in final viscosity and setback in the starch and increases in final viscosity and setback in the flour, attributed mainly to the high amount of protein. The parameters of RVA and texture demonstrates that the higher purity of the starch promotes a gel with greater stability in refrigeration.