Fabrication of nanoporous graphene/cuprous oxide nanocomposite and its application for chemiluminescence sensing of NADH in human serum and cells

The exploration of novel nanocomposite about two-dimensional (2D) nanoporous graphene (NPG) is of great significance for the further investigation of their outstanding properties and potential applications. Thus, an exceptionally facile and rapid strategy named combustion-reduction synthesis is reported. 2D NPG/cuprous oxide (NPG/Cu2O) nanocomposite can be obtained via combustion of graphene oxide (GO) and copper chloride in an oven at 450 degrees C for only one minute. By simply washing away Cu2O with acid, NPG was obtained. By burning away graphene, Cu2O nanoparticles were also obtained. As a new kind of hybrid materials, NPG/Cu2O nanocomposite presented much more excellent catalytic activity than the reduced GO/Cu2O nanocomposite, free GO, NPG and Cu2O nanoparticles. The outstanding catalytic property can be ascribed to the hybridization of Cu2O and 2D NPG architectures. With this new hybrid material, a chemiluminescence sensing platform was firstly constructed for fast, excellently sensitive and highly selective determination of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) with a detection limit of 3.5 nM. The as-established approach was successfully applied for quantitative determination of NADH in human serum and cell lysates. This strategy may open up a valuable avenue to fabricate a diversity range of nanocomposites containing nanoporous graphene and metal oxides with various potential applications.