Ecotoxicological characterization of possible degradation products of the polymeric flame retardant Polymeric FR using algae and Daphnia OECD tests

History has shown that brominated flame retardants often pose risks to the environment. However, the new group of polymeric brominated flame retardants might be a safer alternative compared to previously used monomers due to their high molecular weight. An example for this new group is Polymeric FR, which is persistent by design. Within this publication, we study the acute and chronic toxicity of possible degradation products that were previously described for this polymer following UV irradiation and heat exposure at 60 degrees C. We have applied the OECD tests No. 201 (Algae growth inhibition), 202 (Daphnia acute immobilisation), and 211 (Daphnia reproduction) to four individual substances, indicated to originate as degradation products of Polymeric FR as well as a combination of these. In addition, we have used trend analysis to predict effects on fish as an additional trophic level. The results suggest that acute toxicity to the aquatic organisms chosen is rather limited or even not occurring. Chronic exposure, however, does exert effects that might be relevant from an environmental perspective. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.