期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 657, 期 -, 页码 853-862出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.312
关键词
Biochar; Soil water retention curves; Soil water balance model; Budyko-framework; Water management; Soil-plant-water cycle
资金
- Joint Call of the Water Joint Programming Initiative (Water JPI) of the European Union
- Joint Programming Initiative on Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change (FACCE-JPI) of the European Union
- Swedish Research Agency Vetenskapsradet [VR 2016-06313]
- Swedish Research Agency Formas [VR 2016-06313]
- Swedish Research Agency Sida [VR 2016-06313]
There is an urgent need to develop agricultural methods that balance water supply and demand while at the same time improve resilience to climate variability. A promising instrument to address this need is biochar - a charcoal made from pyrolyzed organic material. However, it is often unclear how, if at all, biochar improves soil water availability, plant water consumption rates and crop yields. To address this question, we synthesized literature-derived observational data and evaluated the effects of biochar on evapotranspiration using a minimal soil water balance model. Results from the model were interpreted in the Budyko framework to assess how climatic conditions mediate the impacts of biochar on water fluxes. Our analysis of literature-derived observational data showed that while biochar addition generally increases the soil water holding capacity, it can have variable impacts on soil water retention relative to control conditions. Our modelling demonstrated that biochar increases long-term evapotranspiration rates, and therefore plant water availability, by increasing soil water retention capacity - especially in water-limited regions. Biochar amendments generally increased crop yields (75% of the compiled studies) and, in several cases (35% of the compiled studies), biochar amendments simultaneously increased crop yield and water use efficiencies. Hence, while biochar amendments are promising, the potential for variable impact highlights the need for targeted research on how biochar affects the soil-plant-water cycle. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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