An analysis of the first and second mandibular molar roots proximity to the inferior alveolar canal and cortical plates using cone beam computed tomography among the Saudi population

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship of the first and second mandibular molar roots to the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) and cortical plates using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the Saudi population. Methods: Scans of 60 patients were collected retrospectively from the dental hospital database in King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Measurements of the right and left first and second mandibular molars for each dental root and the mandibular bone thickness were determined. The position of the IAC was estimated using axial, coronal, and sagittal views. Three examiners performed the measurements independently. Results: The mean distance between the root apices of the mandibular molars and the IAC ranged from 1.68-4.79 mm, whereas the mean distance from the outer surface of the buccal cortical plate to the buccal root surface ranged from 2.33-6.72 mm. Similarly, the mean distance from the outer surface of the lingual cortical plate to the lingual root surface ranged from 2.62-4.80 mm. Finally, the mean distance from the outer surface of the lingual cortical plate to the outer surface of the buccal cortical plate was 11.93-13.19 mm. Conclusion: The measurements reported in this study may be of value to practitioners treating Saudi patients, as they need to be familiar with the distance of the mandibular first and second molars in relation to the IAC and surrounding cortical plates to accurately assess and plan endodontic surgeries, surgical extractions, and implant placements.