Investigating the epidemiology of medication errors in adults in community care settings A retrospective cohort study in central Saudi Arabia

Objectives: To investigate the period prevalence and risk factors for clinically important prescription and monitoring errors among adults managed in community care in Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods: This retrospective cohort study used electronic health record (HER) data. A random sample comprising of 2,000 adults (>= 18 years old) visiting Family Medicine clinics in King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH & RC), Riyadh, SA, was selected. Data collection took 3 months (October December 2017). Descriptive analyses and logistic regression modeling were performed using STATA (version 14) statistical software. Results: The overall period prevalence of medication errors over 15 months was 8.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.5-9.7). Risk factors that significantly predicted overall risk of patients experiencing one or more medication errors were: age >= 65 years, male gender, Saudi nationality, and polypharmacy (defined as the concurrent use of >= 5 drugs). Conclusions: Clinically important medication errors were commonly observed in relation to both drug prescription and monitoring.