期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 286, 期 1898, 页码 -出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0234
关键词
thermoregulation; thermal melanism; solar radiation; ultraviolet; phylogeny
资金
- University of Melbourne McCoy Seed Funding grant
- Australian Research Council [FT180100216]
- University of Melbourne McKenzie Fellowship
- Australian Research Council [FT180100216] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
Colour variation across climatic gradients is a common ecogeographical pattern; yet there is long-standing contention over underlying causes, particularly selection for thermal benefits. We tested the evolutionary association between climate gradients and reflectance of near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, which influence heat gain but are not visible to animals. We measured ultraviolet (UVA), visible (Vis) and NIR reflectance from calibrated images of 372 butterfly specimens from 60 populations (49 species, five families) spanning the Australian continent. Consistent with selection for thermal benefits, the association between climate and reflectance was stronger for NIR than UVA-Vis wavelengths. Furthermore, climate predicted reflectance of the thorax and basal wing, which are critical to thermoregulation; but it did not predict reflectance of the entire wing, which has a variable role in thermoregulation depending on basking behaviour. These results provide evidence that selection for thermal benefits has shaped the reflectance properties of butterflies.
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