期刊
PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
卷 25, 期 -, 页码 425-435出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.01.022
关键词
Photodynamic therapy; Daylight PDT; PpIX-weighted light dose; Tissue optics; Monte Carlo
类别
资金
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute [P01 CA084203]
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
Background . Daylight-activated PDT has seen increased support in recent years as a treatment method for actinic keratosis and other non-melanoma skin cancers. The inherent variability observed in broad-spectrum light used in this methodology makes it difficult to plan and monitor light dose, or compare to lamp light doses. Methods: The present study expands on the commonly used PpIX-weighted effective surface irradiance metric by introducing a Monte Carlo method for estimating effective fluence rates into depths of the skin. The fluence rates are compared between multiple broadband and narrowband sources that have been reported in previous studies, and an effective total fluence for various treatment times is reported. A dynamic estimate of PpIX concentration produced during pro-drug incubation and treatment is used with the fluence estimates to calculate a photodynamic dose. Results: Even when there is up to a 5x reduction between the effective surface irradiance of the broadband light sources, the effective fluence below 250 tim depth is predicted to be relatively equivalent. An effective threshold fluence value (0. 70J(eff)/cm(2)) is introduced based on a meta-analysis of previously published ALA-PpIX induced cell death. This was combined with a threshold PpIX concentration (50 nM) to define a threshold photodynamic dose of 0.035 u M J(eff)/cm(2). Conclusions: The threshold was used to generate lookup tables to prescribe minimal treatment times to achieve depth-dependent cytotoxic effect based on incubation times and irradiance values for each light source.
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