期刊
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
卷 76, 期 4, 页码 222-229出版社
BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105274
关键词
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资金
- Australia: Asthma Foundation of Victoria
- Belgium: Belgian Science Policy Office
- Belgium: National Fund for Scientific Research
- Estonia: Estonian Science Foundation [1088]
- France: Ministere de la Sante
- France: Glaxo France
- France: Insitut Pneumologique d'Aquitaine
- France: Contrat de Plan Etat-Region Languedoc-Rousillon
- France: CNMATS
- France: CNMRT [90MR/10, 91AF/6]
- France: Ministre delegue de la sante
- France: RNSP, France
- GSF, Germany: Bundesminister fur Forschung und Technologie
- Italy: Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica
- Italy: CNR
- Italy: Regione Veneto grant RSF [381/05.93]
- Norway: Norwegian Research Council [101422/310, 214123]
- Spain: Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [91/0016-060-05/E, 92/0319, 93/0393, PS09/02457, PS09/00716 09/01511, PS09/02185, PS09/03190]
- Spain: Hospital General de Albacete
- Spain: Hospital General Juan Ramon Jimenez
- Spain: Direccion Regional de Salud Publica (Consejeria de Sanidad del Principado de Asturias)
- Spain: CIRIT [1997 SGR 00079]
- Spain: Servicio Andaluz de Salud
- Sweden: The Swedish Medical Research Council
- Sweden: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation
- Sweden: Swedish Association Against Asthma and Allergy
- Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation [4026-28099]
- UK: National Asthma Campaign
- UK: British Lung Foundation
- UK: Department of Health
- UK: South Thames Regional Health Authority
- USA: US Department of Health, Education and Welfare Public Health Service [2 S07 RR05521-28]
- Australia: National Health and Medical Research Council
- Belgium: Antwerp: Fund for Scientific Research [G.0402.00]
- Belgium: University of Antwerp
- Belgium: Flemish Health Ministry
- Estonia: Tartu Estonian Science Foundation [4350]
- France: (All) Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique-Direction de la Recherche Clinique (DRC) de Grenoble 2000 [2610]
- France: Ministry of Health
- France: Ministere de l'Emploi et de la Solidarite
- France: Direction Generale de la Sante
- France: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Grenoble
- Bordeaux: Institut Pneumologique d'Aquitaine
- Grenoble: Comite des Maladies Respiratoires de l'Isere Montpellier: Aventis (France)
- Grenoble: Direction Regionale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales Languedoc-Roussillon
- Paris: Union Chimique Belge- Pharma (France)
- Paris: Aventis (France)
- Germany: Erfurt GSF-National Research Centre for Environment and Health
- Germany: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FR1526/1-1]
- Hamburg: GSF-National Research Centre for Environment and Health
- Iceland: Reykjavik
- Iceland: Icelandic Research Council
- Iceland: Icelandic University Hospital Fund
- Italy: Pavia GlaxoSmithKline Italy
- Italy: Italian Ministry of University and Scientific and Technological Research (MURST)
- Italy: Local University Funding for Research 1998 and 1999
- Turin: Azienda Sanitaria Locale 4 Regione Piemonte (Italy)
- Turin: Azienda Ospedaliera Centro Traumatologico Ospedaliero/Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico-Istituto Clinico Ortopedico Regina Maria Adelaide Regione Piemonte Verona: Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca Scientifica (MURST)
- Turin: Glaxo Wellcome
- Norway: Bergen: Norwegian Research Council
- Norway: Bergen: Norwegian Asthma and Allergy Association
- Norway: Bergen: Glaxo Wellcome
- Norway: Bergen: Norway Research Fund
- Spain: Fondo de Investigacion Santarias [97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, 99/0034 02]
- Spain: Hospital Universitario de Albacete
- Spain: Consejeria de Sanidad
- Barcelona: Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica
- Barcelona: Public Health Service [R01 HL62633-01]
- Barcelona: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias [97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, 99/0034-02]
- Barcelona: Consell Interdepartamentalde Recerca i Innovacio Tecnologica [1999SGR 00241]
- Barcelona: Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- Red de Centros de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica [C03/09]
- Redde Basesmoleculares y fisiologicas de las Enfermedades Respiratorias [C03/011]
- Red de Grupos Infancia y Medio Ambiente [G03/176]
- Huelva: Fondo de Investigaciones Santarias [97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, 99/0034-02]
- Galdakao: Basque Health Department
- Oviedo: Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitaria [99/0034-01, 99/0034-02, 97/0035-02, 97/0035, 99/0034-04, 99/0034-06, 99/350, 99/0034-07]
- Oviedo: European Commission [EU-PEAL PL01237]
- Oviedo: Generalitat de Catalunya [CIRIT 1999 SGR 00214]
- Oviedo: Hospital Universitario de Albacete
- Oviedo: Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica [SEPAR R01 HL62633-01]
- Oviedo: Red de Centros de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica [C03/09]
- Oviedo: Red de Bases moleculares y fisiologicas de las Enfermedades Respiratorias [C03/011]
- Oviedo: Red de Grupos Infancia y Medio Ambiente [97/0035-01, 99/0034-01, 99/0034-02, G03/176]
- Sweden: Goteborg: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation
- Sweden: Goteborg: Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences and Allergy Research
- Sweden: Goteborg: Swedish Asthma and Allergy Foundation
- Sweden: Goteborg: Swedish Cancer and Allergy Foundation
- Sweden: Goteborg: Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS)
- Sweden: Umea: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation
- Sweden: Umea: Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences and Allergy Research
- Sweden: Umea: Swedish Asthma and Allergy Foundation
- Sweden: Umea: Swedish Cancer and Allergy Foundation
- Sweden: Umea: Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS)
- Sweden: Uppsala: Swedish Heart Lung Foundation
- Sweden: Uppsala: Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences and Allergy Research
- Sweden: Uppsala: Swedish Asthma and Allergy Foundation
- Sweden: Uppsala: Swedish Cancer and Allergy Foundation
- Sweden: Uppsala: Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS)
- Switzerland: Basel Swiss National Science Foundation
- Switzerland: Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science
- Switzerland: Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund
- UK: Ipswich: Asthma UK
- USA: Portland: American Lung Association of Oregon
- USA: Portland: Northwest Health Foundation
- USA: Portland: Collins Foundation
- USA: Portland: Merck Pharmaceutical
- Belgium: Antwerp South, Antwerp City: Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) [G.0.410.08.N.10]
- Estonia: the Estonian Ministry of Education [Tartu-SF0180060s09]
- France: (All) Ministere de la Sante
- Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC), National 2010
- Bordeaux: INSERM U897
- Bordeaux: Universite Bordeaux Segalen
- Grenoble: Comite Scientifique AGIR adom 2011
- Paris: Agence Nationale de la Sante
- Paris: domaine d'interet majeur (DIM)
- Germany: Erfurt: German Research Foundation [HE 3294/10-1]
- Hamburg: German Research Foundation [MA 711/6-1, NO 262/7-1]
- Iceland: Landspitali University Hospital Research Fund
- Iceland: University of Iceland Research Fund
- Iceland: ResMed Foundation, California, USA
- Iceland: Orkuveita Reykjavikur (geothermal plant)
- Iceland: Vegageroin (the Icelandic Road Administration, ICERA)
- Italy: Italian Ministry of Health
- Italy: Chiesi Farmaceutici
- Cariverona Foundation
- Education Ministry (MIUR)
- Norway: Western Norway Regional Health Authorities [911631]
- Norway: Bergen Medical Research Foundation
- Spain: Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirurgia Toracica [SEPAR 1001/2010]
- Sweden: Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation
- Sweden: Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association
- Sweden: Swedish Association Against Lung and Heart Disease
- Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [PS09/02457]
- Barcelona: Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [FIS PS09/00716]
- Galdakao: Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [FIS 09/01511]
- Huelva: Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [FIS PS09/02185]
- Huelva: Servicio Andaluz de Salud Oviedo: Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [FIS PS09/03190]
- Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (FORTE)
- Goteborg: Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research
- Vasterbotten Country Council ALF grant
- Switzerland: The Swiss National Science Foundation [33CSCO-134276/1, 33CSCO-108796, 3247BO-104283, 3247BO-104288, 3247BO-104284, 3247-065896, 3100-059302, 3200-052720, 3200-042532, 4026-028099]
- Federal Office for Forest, Environment and Landscape
- Federal Office of Public Health
- Federal Office of Roads and Transport
- Canton's Government of Aargan
- Canton's Government of Basel-Stadt
- Canton's Government of Basel-Land
- Canton's Government of Geneva
- Canton's Government of Luzern
- Canton's Government of Ticino
- Canton's Government of Valais
- Canton's Government of Zurich
- Swiss Lung League
- Canton's Lung League of Basel Stadt/Basel
- Canton's Lung League of Landschaft
- Canton's Lung League of Geneva
- Canton's Lung League of Ticino
- Canton's Lung League of Valais
- Canton's Lung League of Zurich
- SUVA
- Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft
- UBS Wealth Foundation
- Talecris Biotherapeutics
- Abbott Diagnostics
- European Commission [018996]
- Wellcome Trust [WT 084703MA]
- UK: Medical Research Council [92091]
- National Institute for Health Research through the Primary Care Research Network
- Medical Research Council [92091]
- Australia: Allen and Hanbury's
- Paris: Glaxo France
- Hamburg: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [MA 711/4-1]
- UK: Norwich: Asthma UK
- Paris: Region Ile de France
- Medical Research Council [G0901214] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0901214, MR/L01341X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Objectives Chronic bronchitis (CB) is an important chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related phenotype, with distinct clinical features and prognostic implications. Occupational exposures have been previously associated with increased risk of CB but few studies have examined this association prospectively using objective exposure assessment. We examined the effect of occupational exposures on CB incidence in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Methods Population samples aged 20-44 were randomly selected in 1991-1993, and followed up twice over 20 years. Participants without chronic cough or phlegm at baseline were analysed. Coded job histories during follow-up were linked to the ALOHA Job Exposure Matrix, generating occupational exposure estimates to 12 categories of chemical agents. Their association with CB incidence over both follow-ups was examined with Poisson models using generalised estimating equations. Results 8794 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria, contributing 13 185 observations. Only participants exposed to metals had a higher incidence of CB (relative risk (RR) 1.70, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.50) compared with non-exposed to metals. Mineral dust exposure increased the incidence of chronic phlegm (RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.06). Incidence of chronic phlegm was increased in men exposed to gases/fumes and to solvents and in women exposed to pesticides. Conclusions Occupational exposures are associated with chronic phlegm and CB, and the evidence is strongest for metals and mineral dust exposure. The observed differences between men and women warrant further investigation.
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