期刊
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
卷 131, 期 -, 页码 8-18出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.040
关键词
Mitogenomics; Hymenoptera; Evaniomorpha basal relationships; Dated tree
资金
- State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China, China [31230068]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China, China [31101661, 31401996]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China [2018QNA6025]
- National Key R&D Program of China, China [2017YFD0201000]
- Biodiversity Initiative of the Natural History Museum, London, UK
The insect order Hymenoptera presents marvelous morphological and ecological diversity. Higher-level hymenopteran relationships remain controversial, even after recent phylogenomic analyses, as their taxon sampling was limited. To shed light on the origin and diversification of Hymenoptera, in particular the poorly studied Parasitica, we undertook phylogenetic analyses of 40 newly and 43 previously sequenced mitochondrial genomes representing all major clades of Hymenoptera. Various Bayesian inferences using different data partitions and phylogenetic methods recovered similar phylogenetic trees with strong statistical support for almost all nodes. Novel findings of the mitogenomic phylogeny mainly affected the three infraorders Ichneumonomorpha, Proctotrupomorpha and Evaniomorpha, the latter of which was split into three clades. Basal relationships of Parasitica recovered Stephanoidea + (Gasteruptiidae + Aulacidae) as the sister group to Ichneumonomorpha + (Trigonalyoidea + Megalyroidea). This entire clade is sister to Proctotrupomorpha, and Ceraphronoidea + Evaniidae is sister to Aculeata (stinging wasps). Our divergence time analysis indicates that major hymenopteran lineages originated in the Mesozoic. The radiation of early apocritans may have been triggered by the Triassic-Jurassic mass extinction; all extant families were present by the Cretaceous.
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