Anti-inflammatory Mono- and Dimeric Sorbicillinoids from the Marine-Derived Fungus Trichoderma reesei 4670

Eight new dimeric sorbicillinoids (1-3, 5-9) and 12 new monomeric sorbicillinoids (10-20, 25), along with five known analogues (4 and 21-24), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Trichoderma reesei 4670. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESIMS, and ECD) and X-ray crystallography. Compound 1, containing a pyrrolidin-2-one moiety, is reported for the first time in the sorbicillinoid family. Compounds 8 and 9 are the first examples of bisorbicillinoids possessing a benzofuro[2,3-h]chromene scaffold from a natural source. Compounds 3-11, 13-16, 18, 21, 22, 24, and 25 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of NO in RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide with IC50 values in the range from 0.94 to 38 mu M. Structure-activity relationships of the sorbicillinoids were discussed.