An Improved Scheme of Frequency-Dependent AVO Inversion Method and Its Application for Tight Gas Reservoirs

AVO inversion is a seismic exploration methodology used to predict the earth's elastic parameters and thus rocks and fluid properties. It is built up on elastic theory and does not consider the seismic dispersion in real strata. Recent experiments and theory of rock physics have shown that in hydrocarbon-bearing rocks, especially in gas-bearing ones, the change of seismic velocity with frequency may be pretty remarkable for fluid flow in pore space. Some scholars proposed methods about seismic dispersion, such as frequency-dependent AVO inversion, to forecast oil and gas reservoirs underground. In this paper, we demonstrate an improved scheme of frequency-dependent AVO inversion, which is based on conventional Smith-Gidlow's AVO equation, to extract seismic dispersion and predict the hydrocarbon underground. A simple model with gas-bearing reservoir is devised to validate the inversion scheme, and further analysis indicates that our scheme is more accurate and reasonable than the previous scheme. Our new scheme applied to the tight gas reservoirs in Fenggu area of western Sichuan depression of China finds that regions with high dispersion gradients correlate well with regions with prolific gas. Analysis and case studies show that our scheme of frequency-dependent AVO inversion is an efficient approach to predict gas reservoirs underground.