期刊
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
卷 13, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00007
关键词
comorbid spectrum; attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; autism spectrum disorder; near infra-red spectroscopy; differential diagnostic tool; inhibitory task-evoked activation; methylphenidate
资金
- JST-RISTEX
- Japan Society for Promotion of Science [17H05959]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17H05959] Funding Source: KAKEN
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been frequently reported as co-occurring with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, ASD-comorbid ADHD is difficult to diagnose since clinically significant symptoms are similar in both disorders. Therefore, we propose a classification method of differentially recognizing the ASD-comorbid condition in ADHD children. The classification method was investigated based on functional brain imaging measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during a go/no-go task. Optimization and cross-validation of the classification method was carried out in medicated-naive and methylphenidate (MPH) administered ADHD and ASD-comorbid ADHD children (randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and crossover design) to select robust parameters and cut-off thresholds. The parameters could be defined as either single or averaged multi-channel task-evoked activations under an administration condition (i.e., pre-medication, post-MPH, and post-placebo). The ADHD children were distinguished by significantly high MPH-evoked activation in the right hemisphere near the midline vertex. The ASD-comorbid ADHD children tended to have low activation responses in all regions. High specificity (86 +/- 4.1%; mean +/- SD), sensitivity (93 +/- 7.3%), and accuracy (82 +/- 1.6%) were obtained using the activation of oxygenated-hemoglobin concentration change in right middle frontal, angular, and precentral gyri under MPH medication. Therefore, the significantly differing MPH-evoked responses are potentially effective features and as supporting differential diagnostic tools.
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