Performance evaluation of large solar photovoltaic power plants in Spain

This work presents a comprehensive study of the performance of six large photovoltaic (PV) power plants with different mounting topologies over several years of operation. This is a marked contrast to most available performance studies which focus on the study of a single installation of low rated power and one mounting type. The performance results are obtained following the guidelines of Standard IEC 61724 and largely coincide with those expected considering the plants' location in the South-Central Region of Spain, with a total system efficiency ranging between 10% and 12%. Moreover, some performance trends are identified and associated with mounting system, size and location. Finally, it is concluded that the added complexity of dual-axis tracking systems in the operation and maintenance was underestimated in the design phase of the PV power plants. Wind speed has emerged as a key parameter, not only due to the cooling effect on the PV panels but also as a result of its impact on the availability of energy generation.