期刊
ADVANCED MATERIALS
卷 31, 期 26, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806733
关键词
capillarity; principal component analysis (PCA); phase-field; phase separation; polymer solutions
类别
资金
- coordinated research programme Virtual Materials Design (VirtMat) - Helmholtz association
- German Research Foundation (DFG) through the Gottfried-Wilhelm Leibniz programme [NE 822/31]
- German Research Foundation (DFG) through initiative NanoMembrane within the research programme Science and Technology of Nanosystems (STN)
Polymeric porous media (PPM) are widely used as advanced materials, such as sound dampening foams, lithium-ion batteries, stretchable sensors, and biofilters. The functionality, reliability, and durability of these materials have a strong dependence on the microstructural patterns of PPM. One underlying mechanism for the formation of porosity in PPM is phase separation, which engenders polymer-rich and polymer-poor (pore) phases. Herein, the phase separation in polymer solutions is discussed from two different aspects: diffusion and hydrodynamic effects. For phase separation governed by diffusion, two novel morphological transitions are reviewed: cluster-to-percolation and percolation-to-droplets, which are attributed to an effect that the polymer-rich and the solvent-rich phases reach the equilibrium states asynchronously. In the case dictated by hydrodynamics, a deterministic nature for the microstructural evolution during phase separation is scrutinized. The deterministic nature is caused by an interfacial-tension-gradient (solutal Marangoni force), which can lead to directional movement of droplets as well as hydrodynamic instabilities during phase separation.
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