期刊
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
卷 103, 期 -, 页码 76-89出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.02.010
关键词
HIV/AIDS Vaccine; Nanotechnology; Nano-carriers; Vaccine adjuvant; Immunological responses
资金
- National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [11425520]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1532122, 21320102003]
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China [2014DFG52500]
- Ministry of Science Technology of China [2012CB934003]
HIV/AIDS is one of the worst crises affecting global health and influencing economic development and social stability. Preventing and treating HIV infection is a crucial task. However, there is still no effective HIV vaccine for clinical application. Nanotechnology has the potential to solve the problems associated with traditional HIV vaccines. At present, various nano-architectures and nanomaterials can function as potential HIV vaccine carriers or adjuvants, including inorganic nanomaterials, liposomes, micelles and polymer nanomaterials. In this review, we summarize the current progress in the use of nanotechnology for the development of an HIV/AIDS vaccine and discuss its potential to greatly improve the solubility, permeability, stability and pharmacokinetics of HIV vaccines. Although nanotechnology holds great promise for applications in HIV/AIDS vaccines, there are still many inadequacies that result in a variety of risks and challenges. The potential hazards to the human body and environment associated with some nano-carriers, and their underlying mechanisms require in-depth study. Non-toxic or low toxic nanomaterials with adjuvant activity have been identified. However, studying the confluence of factors that affect the adjuvant activity of nanomaterials may be more important for the optimization of the dosage and immunization strategy and investigations into the exact mechanism of action. Moreover, there are no uniform standards for investigations of nanomaterials as potential vaccine adjuvants. These limitations make it harder to analyze and deduce rules from the existing data. Developing vaccine nano-carriers or adjuvants with high benefit-cost ratios is important to ensure their broad usage. Despite some shortcomings, nanomaterials have great potential and application prospects in the fields of AIDS treatment and prevention. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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