期刊
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
卷 6, 期 2, 页码 247-256出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwy148
关键词
bio-inspiration; low-tortuosity carbon host; lithium metal; micro-channels; nucleation sites
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51571184, 21501165, 21431006, 21761132008, 21805266]
- Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [21521001]
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS [QYZDJ-SSW-SLH036]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB931800]
- Defense Industrial Technology Development Program [JCKY2016208B012]
- Users with Excellence and Scientific Research Grant of Hefei Science Center of CAS [2015HSC-UE007]
- National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents [BX201700220]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M622017]
Lithium metal is one of the most promising anode materials for high-energy-density Li batteries. However, low stability caused by dendrite growth and volume change during cycling hinders its practical application. Herein, we report an ingenious design of bio-inspired low-tortuosity carbon with tunable vertical micro-channels to be used as a host to incorporate nanosized Sn/Ni alloy nucleation sites, which can guide Li metal's plating/stripping and meanwhile accommodate the volume change. The pore sizes of the vertical channels of the carbon host can be regulated to investigate the structure-performance correlation. After compositing Li, the bio-inspired carbon host with the smallest pore size (similar to 14 mu m) of vertical channels exhibits the lowest overpotential (similar to 18 mV at 1 mA cm(-2)), most stable tripping/plating voltage profiles, and best cycling stability (up to 500 cycles) in symmetrical cells. Notably, the carbon/Li composite anode is more rewarding than Li foil when coupled with LiFePO4 in full cells, exhibiting a much lower polarization effect, better rate capability and higher capacity retention (90.6% after 120 cycles). This novel bio-inspired design of a low-tortuosity carbon host with nanoalloy coatings may open a new avenue for fabricating advanced Li-metal batteries with high performance.
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