期刊
FUNGAL BIOLOGY REVIEWS
卷 33, 期 3-4, 页码 159-165出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2018.10.002
关键词
PAR; photosynthetically available radiation; ROS; reactive oxygen species
类别
资金
- Russian Science Foundation [18-14-00198]
- Research Council of Norway [234178]
- Russian Science Foundation [18-14-00198] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
Many species of lichenized ascomycetes are capable of synthesizing darkly colored melanin pigments by polymerizing phenolic compounds. Available data suggest that different clades of lichens produce various kinds of melanins, with N-2-fixing Peltigeralean lichens producing N-rich DOPA or eumelanins and lichens from other orders producing N-poor allomelanins. In general, melanic lichens seem to be more common in environments with high levels of abiotic stress such as polar and montane regions, but they are by no means restricted to these habitats. Here, we review the occurrence of melanins in lichens, their chemical structure, methods of quantification and biological roles. Good evidence exists that melanins in lichens protect the mycobiont from high UV, and the photobiont against high PAR. However, given their many unique properties, it seems likely that melanins help lichens to survive a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. (C) 2019 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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