期刊
PEERJ
卷 6, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PEERJ INC
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6185
关键词
Built-in adjuvants; Epitope-based vaccines; Biological carriers; Nanoparticles
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program [2017YFD0500902]
- Key R&D Program of Gansu Province of China [17YF1NA070]
- National Pig Industrial System of China [CARS-36-06B]
Several studies have shown that epitope vaccines exhibit substantial advantages over conventional vaccines. However, epitope vaccines are associated with limited immunity, which can be overcome by conjugating antigenic epitopes with built-in adjuvants (e.g., some carrier proteins or new biomaterials) with special properties, including immunologic specificity, good biosecurity and biocompatibility, and the ability to vastly improve the immune response of epitope vaccines. When designing epitope vaccines, the following types of built-in adjuvants are typically considered: (1) pattern recognition receptor ligands (i.e., toll-like receptors); (2) virus-like particle carrier platforms; (3) bacterial toxin proteins; and (4) novel potential delivery systems (e.g., self-assembled peptide nanoparticles, lipid core peptides, and polymeric or inorganic nanoparticles). This review primarily discusses the current and prospective applications of these built-in adjuvants (i.e., biological carriers) to provide some references for the future design of epitope-based vaccines.
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