期刊
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00707
关键词
microRNAs; adult neurogenesis; hippocampus; neural stem cells; neurons; feedback loops; miRNA convergence
资金
- EU [Seventh Framework Program] [HEALTH-F4-2013-602278-NeuroStemCellRepair]
- EU [Horizon2020] [667301-COSYN]
- EU [European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)] [CA16210-MINDDS]
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [01EK1603A-Neuro2D3, 01ZX1314A-IntegraMent]
- European Regional Development Fund (EFRE) [EFRE-0800978-SCF III]
- National Institutes of Health [1R01NS100514]
- Stem Cell Network North Rhine Westphalia [323-40000513]
- BONFOR program
- North Rhine Westphalian Program LifeSciences.NRW
The finding that the adult mammalian brain is still capable of producing neurons has ignited a new field of research aiming to identify the molecular mechanisms regulating adult neurogenesis. An improved understanding of these mechanisms could lead to the development of novel approaches to delay cognitive decline and facilitate neuroregeneration in the adult human brain. Accumulating evidence suggest microRNAs (miRNAs), which represent a class of post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, as crucial part of the gene regulatory networks governing adult neurogenesis. This review attempts to illustrate how miRNAs modulate key processes in the adult neurogenic niche by interacting with each other and with transcriptional regulators. We discuss the function of miRNAs in adult neurogenesis following the life-journey of an adult-born neuron from the adult neural stem cell (NSCs) compartment to its final target site. We first survey how miRNAs control the initial step of adult neurogenesis, that is the transition of quiescent to activated proliferative adult NSCs, and then go on to discuss the role of miRNAs to regulate neuronal differentiation, survival, and functional integration of the newborn neurons. In this context, we highlight miRNAs that converge on functionally related targets or act within cross talking gene regulatory networks. The cooperative manner of miRNA action and the broad target repertoire of each individual miRNA could make the miRNA system a promising tool to gain control on adult NSCs in the context of therapeutic approaches.
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