期刊
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
卷 10, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00370
关键词
alpha-synuclein; Parkinson's disease; prion-like; neurodegeneration; neurotherapy
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81471305, 81671260]
- National Key Plan for Scientific Research and Development of China [2016YFC1306000, 2017YFC1310200]
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the synucleinopathies spectrum of disorders typified by the presence of intraneuronal protein inclusions. It is primarily composed of misfolded and aggregated forms of alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), the toxicity of which has been attributed to the transition from an alpha-helical conformation to a beta-sheetrich structure that polymerizes to form toxic oligomers. This could spread and initiate the formation of LB-like aggregates, by transcellular mechanisms with seeding and subsequent permissive templating. This hypothesis postulates that alpha-syn is a prion-like pathological agent and responsible for the progression of Parkinson's pathology. Moreover, the involvement of the inflammatory response in PD pathogenesis has been reported on the excessive microglial activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. At last, we describe several treatment approaches that target the pathogenic alpha-syn protein, especially the oligomers, which are currently being tested in advanced animal experiments or are already in clinical trials. However, there are current challenges with therapies that target alpha-syn, for example, difficulties in identifying varying alpha-syn conformations within different individuals as well as both the cost and need of long-duration large trials.
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