期刊
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 9, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201801913
关键词
all-carbon absorbers; charge transfer state; organic photovoltaics; single-walled carbon nanotubes; V-OC loss analysis
类别
资金
- DFG [SFB 953]
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant [306298]
- Graduiertenkolleg 1896 of the DFG
- Ubbo Emmius Foundation of the University of Groningen
- State of Bavaria
Current state-of-the-art organic solar cells (OSCs) still suffer from high losses of open-circuit voltage (V-OC). Conventional polymer:fullerene solar cells usually exhibit bandgap to V-OC losses greater than 0.8 V. Here a detailed investigation of V-OC is presented for solution-processed OSCs based on (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT): [6,6]-phenyl-C-71-butyric acid methyl ester active layers. Considering the very small optical bandgap of only 1.22 eV of (6,5) SWCNTs, a high V-OC of 0.59 V leading to a low E-gap/q - V-OC = 0.63 V loss is observed. The low voltage losses are partly due to the lack of a measurable charge transfer state and partly due to the narrow absorption edge of SWCNTs. Consequently, V-OC losses attributed to a broadening of the band edge are very small, resulting in V-OC,V-SQ - V-OC,V-rad = 0.12 V. Interestingly, this loss is mainly caused by minor amounts of SWCNTs with smaller bandgaps as well as (6,5) SWCNT trions, all of which are experimentally well resolved employing Fourier transform photocurrent spectroscopy. In addition, the low losses due to band edge broadening, a very low voltage loss are also found due to nonradiative recombination, Delta V-OC,V-nonrad = 0.26 V, which is exceptional for fullerene-based OSCs.
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