A novel dual imprinted conducting nanocubes based flexible sensor for simultaneous detection of hemoglobin and glycated haemoglobin in gestational diabetes mellitus patients

A novel nanocubes shaped dual imprinted polymer based flexible electrochemical sensor is first introduced for simultaneous analysis of multiple diabetes markers, glycated haemoglobin and non glycated haemoglobin i.e. haemoglobin. Herein, dual molecularly imprinted poly-aminophenylboronic acid alongwith poly-rhodamine b nanocubes were deposited uniformly on the surface of flexible carbon paste coated aluminium foil via electropolymerization. The specific targeting of haemoglobin and glycated haemoglobin in there complementary sites is due to the complexation with polyrhodamine b and poly-aminophenylboronic acid respectively via non-covalent bondings and cis-diol interactions, respectively. Electrochemical experiments demonstrated that the proposed flexible sensor possessed the ability to electrochemically catalyze the simultaneous redox reaction of both haemoglobin and glycated haemoglobin and its electrochemical response was remained unchanged after the 450 times bends. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of haemoglobin and glycated haemoglobin were found to be as low as 0.08 and 0.09 ng mL(-1). The reliability of the proposed flexible sensor was evaluated through the conventional chromatographic methods using diabetic and healthy pregnant women blood samples. It indicates that the feasibility of electrochemical sensor and shows a great potential for wide-ranging application in gestational diabetes mellitus monitoring.