期刊
SCIENCE
卷 362, 期 6421, 页码 1384-+出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aat5879
关键词
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资金
- OPTICON program [2017B/026]
- European Union [730890]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
- SNSF [P2GEP2_178191]
- CNES
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (project FOUR ACES) [724427]
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (Fp7/2007-2013)/ERC [337592]
- SNSF
Stellar heating causes atmospheres of close-in exoplanets to expand and escape. These extended atmospheres are difficult to observe because their main spectral signature neutral hydrogen at ultraviolet wavelengths is strongly absorbed by interstellar medium. We report the detection of the near-infrared triplet of neutral helium in the transiting warm Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-11b by using ground based, high-resolution observations. The helium feature is repeatable over two independent transits, with an average absorption depth of 1.08 +/- 0.05%. Interpreting absorption spectra with three-dimensional simulations of the planet's upper atmosphere suggests that it extends beyond 5 planetary radii, with a large-scale height and a helium mass loss rate of less than or similar to 3 x 10(5) grams per second. A net blue-shift of the absorption might be explained by high-altitude winds flowing at 3 kilometers per second from day to night-side.
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