New technologies applied to modelling taphonomic alterations

Archaeology is developing considerably through the incorporation and application of several methodologies and techniques from science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. These technologies have significantly improved our ability to document, preserve, study and present highly precise and accurate digital models of whole sites and archaeological elements, as well as specific details of them. In this article, we will review the different 3D documentation techniques currently available in archaeology, focusing on bone taphonomy. Our aim is to characterise the range of alterations that fossil bones may experience. Thus, here we present a review of the existing literature and future perspectives on how to approach the 3D study of carnivore and rodent tooth marks, cut and percussion marks, biochemical alterations and other Bone Surface Modifications (BSMs).