期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 122, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.035101
关键词
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资金
- NASA [PF5-160142, PF7-180165]
- CNES
- Labex OSUG@2020 [ANR10 LABX56]
- NASA High-End Computing Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division at Ames Research Center
- TGCC
- CINES [A0030407669]
- Simons Foundation
Black holes drive powerful plasma jets to relativistic velocities. This plasma should be collisionless, and self-consistently supplied by pair creation near the horizon. We present general-relativistic collisionless plasma simulations of Kerr-black-hole magnetospheres which begin from vacuum, inject e(+/-) pairs based on local unscreened electric fields, and reach steady states with electromagnetically powered Blandford-Znajek jets and persistent current sheets. Particles with negative energy at infinity are a general feature, and can contribute significantly to black-hole rotational-energy extraction in a variant of the Penrose process. The generated plasma distribution depends on the pair-creation environment, and we describe two distinct realizations of the force-free electrodynamic solution. This sensitivity suggests that plasma kinetics will be useful in interpreting future horizon-resolving submillimeter and infrared observations.
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