期刊
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 221, 期 3, 页码 1574-1584出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.15460
关键词
altered precipitation; biodiversity; community disease proneness; community pathogen load; ecosystem service; experimental warming; fungal disease severity; global change
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31830009, 31770518]
- National Nature Science Foundation of China [31630009]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB954000]
- China Scholarship Council (CSC) [201606100165]
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Ontario Research Fund
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [386151]
The effects of global change on semi-natural and agro-ecosystem functioning have been studied extensively. However, less well understood is how global change will influence fungal diseases, especially in a natural ecosystem. We use data from a 6-yr factorial experiment with warming (simulated using infrared heaters) and altered precipitation treatments in a natural Tibetan alpine meadow ecosystem, from which we tested global change effects on foliar fungal diseases at the population and community levels, and evaluated the importance of direct effects of the treatments and community-mediated (indirect) effects (through changes in plant community composition and competence) of global change on community pathogen load. At the population level, we found warming significantly increased fungal diseases for nine plant species. At the community level, we found that warming significantly increased pathogen load of entire host communities, whereas no significant effect of altered precipitation on community pathogen load was detected. We concluded that warming influences fungal disease prevalence more than precipitation does in a Tibetan alpine meadow. Moreover, our study provides new experimental evidence that increases in disease burden on some plant species and for entire host communities is primarily the direct effects of warming, rather than community-mediated (indirect) effects.
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