期刊
ACS NANO
卷 10, 期 4, 页码 3918-3935出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01401
关键词
scintillating nanoparticles; photodynamic therapy; X-ray activatable nanoparticles; photosensitizer; radiosensitizer; Cerenkov radiation; cancer therapy; energy mediator; scintillator
类别
资金
- University of Wisconsin Madison
- National Institutes of Health (NIBIB/NCI) [1R01CA169365, P30CA014520, T32GM008349]
- American Cancer Society [125246-RSG-13-099-01-CCE]
- National Basic Research and Development Program of China (973) [2011CB707702]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81101100]
Achieving effective treatment of deep-seated tumors is a major challenge for traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to difficulties in delivering light into the subsurface. Thanks to their great tissue penetration, X-rays hold the potential to become an ideal excitation source for activating photosensitizers (PS) that accumulate in deep tumor tissue. Recently, a wide variety of nanoparticles have been developed for this purpose. The nanoparticles are designed as carriers for loading various kinds of PSs and can facilitate the activation process by transferring energy harvested from X-ray irradiation to the loaded PS. In this review, we focus on recent developments of nanoscintillators with high energy transfer efficiency, their rational designs, as well as potential applications in next-generation PDT. Treatment of deep-seated tumors by using radioisotopes as an internal light source will also be discussed.
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