期刊
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 19, 期 3, 页码 E65-E76出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30477-8
关键词
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资金
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272201600001G]
- NIH [K01 AI104411, R01 AI30058, DP2 AI131082, T32 AI 052073, R01 AI124349, K08 AI106420]
- International Early Career Scientist Award from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- South African National Research Foundation
- South African Medical Research Council
- National Department of Health
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1137034, OPP1151915, STBP/TBREACH/GSA/W5-29, OPP1100182, OPP1116641]
- Stop TB Partnership's TB REACH initiative
- Ruth L Kirschstein National Research Service Award
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [FDN-143332]
- US Civilian Research and Development Foundation [OISE-16-62061-1]
- Gates Foundation
- NIH
- [Government of Canada]
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1100182, OPP1151915] Funding Source: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Tuberculosis claims more human lives than any other infectious disease. This alarming epidemic has fuelled the development of novel antimicrobials and diagnostics. However, public health interventions that interrupt transmission have been slow to emerge, particularly in HIV-endemic settings. Transmission of tuberculosis is complex, involving various environmental, bacteriological, and host factors, among which concomitant HIV infection is important. Preventing person-to-person spread is central to halting the epidemic and, consequently, tuberculosis transmission is now being studied with renewed interest. In this Series paper, we review recent advances in the understanding of tuberculosis transmission, from the view of source-case infectiousness, inherent susceptibility of exposed individuals, appending tools for predicting risk of disease progression, the biophysical nature of the contagion, and the environments in which transmission occurs and is sustained in populations. We focus specifically on how HIV infection affects these features with a view to describing novel transmission blocking strategies in HIV-endemic settings.
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