Electrical heating behavior of flexible thermoplastic polyurethane/Super-P nanoparticle composite films for advanced wearable heaters

A rationally designed flexible electrothermal film is composed of Super-P (SP, nanoparticle), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and silica. The electric heating behavior of electrothermal films can be facilely adjusted by SP contents and applied voltages. TPU/SP composite with 25 wt.% SP presents robust structural stability, fast response feature and superior electrothermal reproducibility. The conductive network formed by SP nanoparticles not only could quickly convert the electric energy to heat, but also is stable under stepwise periodic and long-term electric heating-cooling conditions. Finally, a smart wrist band integrated electric heater and temperature indicator is verified the high potential in multifunctional wearable device applications. (C) 2018 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.