Ras homolog gene family H (RhoH) deficiency induces psoriasis-like chronic dermatitis by promoting TH17 cell polarization

Background: Ras homolog gene family H (RhoH) is a membrane-bound adaptor protein involved in proximal T-cell receptor signaling. Therefore RhoH plays critical roles in the differentiation of T cells; however, the function of RhoH in the effecter phase of the T-cell response has not been fully characterized. Objective: We sought to explore the role of RhoH in inflammatory immune responses and investigated the involvement of RhoH in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Methods: We analyzed effector T-cell and systemic inflammation in wild-type and RhoH-null mice. RhoH expression in T cells in human PBMCs was quantified by using RT-PCR. Results: RhoH deficiency in mice induced T(H)17 polarization during effector T-cell differentiation, thereby inducing psoriasis-like chronic dermatitis. Ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component N-recognin 5 (Ubr5) and nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6 (Nr2f6) expression levels decreased in RhoH-deficient T cells, resulting in increased protein levels and DNA binding activity of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gt. The consequential increase in IL-17 and IL-22 production induced T cells to differentiate into T(H)17 cells. Furthermore, IL-22 binding protein/Fc chimeric protein reduced psoriatic inflammation in RhoH-deficient mice. Expression of RhoH in T cells was lower in patients with psoriasis with very severe symptoms. Conclusion: Our results indicate that RhoH inhibits T(H)17 differentiation and thereby plays a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Additionally, IL-22 binding protein has therapeutic potential for the treatment of psoriasis.