期刊
EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
卷 15, 期 4, 页码 407-416出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2019.1564040
关键词
Neuropsychiatric SLE; systemic lupus erythematosus; treatment; clinical characterization; diagnosis of NPSLE
类别
资金
- Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [157534/2015-4]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) [001]
Introduction: Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is characterized by a heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. The absence of diagnostic criteria and the lack of clinical trials is a challenge in clinical practice. Areas covered: A literature review was performed to describe epidemiology, characterization (clinical, immunological, and imaging), diagnosis and treatment of NPSLE. Classification criteria have been the first step towards a uniform definition. More recently, different attribution models have been developed to help to determine if the NP event is due to SLE. Disease activity is a major risk factor for NP events. Cytokines and autoantibodies are associated with NP events, however, only a few studies have identified risk factors for individual NP events. Expert opinion: Further research needs to search for and validate biomarkers for NPSLE and individual NP events, including neuroimaging findings, attribution models, and serologic markers. This will be a fundamental step in planning randomized control trials in the treatment of NPSLE to improve outcome.
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