In vitro toxicological activity of particulate matter generated by coal combustion

Herein, the toxicity of particles generated from the complete combustion of 1 g coal at 500, 700, and 900 degrees C were compared, and combustion at 700 degrees C generated the most toxins. Chemical analyses revealed that all components except catechol, resorcinol, and aromatic amines were most abundant at 700 degrees C. Toxicity results confirmed that the relative mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, redox cycling, and production of reactive oxygen species was highest for particles generated at 700 degrees C. Particles generated during combustion at 700 degrees C exhibited higher toxicity toward biological systems due to a higher content of toxic compounds.