期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
卷 244, 期 -, 页码 608-616出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.054
关键词
Forest ecosystem; Gross N transformation; Immobilization; Mineralization; N deposition; Nitrification
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0200101]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41571227, 41671231, 41807093]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions [164320H116]
Nitrogen (N) deposition has rapidly increased and is influencing forest ecosystem processes and functions on a global scale. Understanding process-specific N transformations, i.e., gross N transformations, in forest soils in response to N deposition is of great significance to gain mechanistic insights on the linkages between global N deposition and N availability or loss in forest soils. In this paper, we review factors controlling N mineralization, nitrification and N immobilization, particularly in relation to N deposition, discuss the limitations of net N transformation studies, and synthesize the literature on the effect of N deposition on gross N transformations in forest ecosystems. We found that more than 97% of published papers evaluating the effect of N deposition (including N addition experiments that simulate N deposition) on soil N cycle determined net rates of mineralization and nitrification, showing that N deposition significantly increased those rates by 24.9 and 153.9%, respectively. However, studies on net N transformation do not provide a mechanistic understanding of the effect of N deposition on N cycling. To date, a small number of studies (<20 published papers) have directly quantified the effect of N deposition on gross N transformation rates, limiting our understanding of the response of soil N cycling to N deposition. The responses to N deposition of specific N transformation processes such as autotrophic nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, N mineralization, and N immobilization are poorly studied. Future research needs to use more holistic approaches to study the impact of N deposition on gross N transformation rates, N toss and retention, and their microbial driven mechanisms to provide a better understanding of the processes involved in N transformations, and to understand the differential responses between forest and other ecosystems. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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