期刊
CHEMSUSCHEM
卷 12, 期 3, 页码 639-650出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801974
关键词
calcium; heterogeneous catalysis; photochemistry; platform molecules; ruthenium
资金
- French Embassy in Poland
- National Center of Science (NCN) in Krakow (Poland) [2016/22/E/ST4/00550]
Calcium-modified titania supported Ru catalysts were synthesized and evaluated for the hydrogenation of levulinic acid with formic acid as an internal hydrogen source and water as a green solvent. A new elegant photoassisted method was developed for the synthesis of uniform-size and evenly distributed Ru particles on the titania surface. Compared with the counterpart catalysts prepared by classical wet impregnation, enhanced levulinic acid conversion and gamma-valerolactone yield were obtained and further improved through modification of the support by introduction of calcium into the titania support. This synthesis approach resulted in a change of the surface and bulk properties of the support, namely a decrease in the anatase crystallite size and the formation of a new calcium titanate phase. As a consequence, the properties of the catalysts were modified, and smaller ruthenium particles that had stronger interactions with the support were obtained. This affected the strength of the CO adsorption on the catalyst surface and facilitated the reaction performance. The optimum size of Ru particles that allowed for most efficient levulinic acid conversion was established.
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