期刊
BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
卷 18, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1271-5
关键词
Biosynthesis; Fatty acyl desaturase; Gene duplication; Gene loss; Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
资金
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/84238/2012]
- Norte2020
- FEDER [Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000036]
- North Portugal Regional Operational Program (NORTE 2020) under European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
BackgroundProvision of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in vertebrates occurs through the diet or via endogenous production from C-18 precursors through consecutive elongations and desaturations. It has been postulated that the abundance of LC-PUFA in the marine environment has remarkably modulated the gene complement and function of Fads in marine teleosts. In vertebrates two fatty acyl desaturases, namely Fads1 and Fads2, encode 5 and 6 desaturases, respectively. To fully clarify the evolutionary history of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in vertebrates, we investigated the gene repertoire and function of Fads from species placed at key evolutionary nodes.ResultsWe demonstrate that functional Fads15 and Fads26 arose from a tandem gene duplication in the ancestor of vertebrates, since they are present in the Arctic lamprey. Additionally, we show that a similar condition was retained in ray-finned fish such as the Senegal bichir and spotted gar, with the identification of fads1 genes in these lineages. Functional characterisation of the isolated desaturases reveals the first case of a Fads1 enzyme with 5 desaturase activity in the Teleostei lineage, the Elopomorpha. In contrast, in Osteoglossomorpha genomes, while no fads1 was identified, two separate fads2 duplicates with 6 and 5 desaturase activities respectively were uncovered.ConclusionsWe conclude that, while the essential genetic components involved LC-PUFA biosynthesis evolved in the vertebrate ancestor, the full completion of the LC-PUFA biosynthesis pathway arose uniquely in gnathostomes.
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