期刊
ANNALS OF PHYSICS
卷 399, 期 -, 页码 193-203出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2018.10.012
关键词
Relativity and gravitation; Gravitational lensing; Classical black holes; Deflection angle; Gauss-Bonnet theorem
资金
- Comision Nacional de Ciencias y Tecnologia of Chile (CONICYT) through FONDECYT [3170035]
In this paper, we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to obtain the deflection angle by the photons coupled to Weyl tensor in a Schwarzschild black hole and Schwarzschild-like black hole in bumblebee gravity in the weak limit approximation. To do so, we first calculate the corresponding optical metrics, and then we find the Gaussian curvature to use in Gauss-Bonnet theorem, which is first done by Gibbons and Werner. Hence, in the leading order terms we show the deflection angle, that is affected by the coupling between the photon and Weyl tensor, and there is a deviation from the deflecting angle as compared with Schwarzschild black hole with Schwarzschild-like black hole in bumblebee gravity. Moreover, we investigate the deflection angle by Einstein-Rosen type wormhole in Weyl gravity and in bumblebee gravity. Interestingly, the deflection angle by Einstein-Rosen type wormhole in bumblebee gravity is found as larger than the deflection angle by Einstein-Rosen type wormhole in Weyl gravity. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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