期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
卷 176, 期 2, 页码 107-118出版社
AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18040369
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资金
- Frontiers of Innovation Scholars Program [3-P3029]
- Interdisciplinary Research Fellowship in Neuro-AIDS [MH081482]
- Wellcome Trust [104036/Z/14/Z]
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology - Medical Research Council
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [MR/K026992/1]
- [DA037844]
Objective: Alcohol use disorders are common conditions that have enormous social and economic consequences. Genome -wide association analyses were performed to identify genetic variants associated with a proxy measure of alcohol consumption and alcohol misuse and to explore the shared genetic basis between these measures and other substance use, psychiatric, and behavioral traits. Method: This study used quantitative measures from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) from two population-based cohorts of European ancestry (UK Biobank [N=121,604] and 23andMe [N=20,328]) and performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis. Two additional GWAS analyses were performed, a GWAS for AUDIT scores on items 1-3, which focus on consumption (AUDIT-C), and for scores on items 4-10, which focus on the problematic consequences of drinking (AUDIT-P). Results: The GWAS meta-analysis of AUDIT total score identified 10 associated risk loci. Novel associations localized to genes including JCAD and SLC39A13; this study also replicated previously identified signals in the genes ADH1B, ADH1C, KLB, and GCKR. The dimensions of AUDIT showed positive genetic correlations with alcohol consumption (r(g) =0.76-0.92) and DSM-IV alcohol dependence (r(g )=0.33-0.63). AUDIT-P and AUDIT-C scores showed significantly different patterns of association across a number of traits, including psychiatric disorders. AUDIT-P score was significantly positively genetically correlated with schizophrenia (r(g) =0.22), major depressive disorder (r(g) =0.26), and attention deficit hyper-activity disorder (r(g) =0.23), whereas AUDIT-C score was significantly negatively genetically correlated with major depressive disorder (r(g) = -0.24) and ADHD (r(g) = -0.10). This study also used the AUDIT data in the UK Biobank to identify thresholds for dichotomizing AUDIT total score that optimize genetic correlations with DSM-IV alcohol dependence. Coding individuals with AUDIT total scores <= 4 as control subjects and those with scores >= 12 as case subjects produced a significant high genetic correlation with DSM-IV alcohol dependence (r(g) =0.82) while retaining most subjects. Conclusions: AUDIT scores ascertained in population-based cohorts can be used to explore the genetic basis of both alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders.
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