期刊
ACS NANO
卷 12, 期 11, 页码 10867-10879出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03604
关键词
high aspect ratio nanomaterial; carbon nanofiber; multiwalled carbon nanotube; rigidity; frustrated phagocytosis; inflammation; carcinogen
类别
资金
- BB21+ Project
- Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program through the Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology, Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry Energy [10059132]
The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the physicochemical parameters associated with the pathogenicity of high-aspect-ratio nanomaterials is important for comprehensive regulation efforts and safety-by-design approaches. Here, we report quantitative data on the correlations between the rigidity of these nanomaterials and toxicity endpoints in vitro and in vivo. As measured by new ISO standards published in 2017, rigidity shows a strong positive correlation with inflammogenic potential, as indicated by inflammatory cell counts and IL-1 beta (a biomarker for frustrated phagocytosis) levels in both the acute and chronic phases. In vitro experiments using differentiated THP-1 cells find that only highly rigid multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and asbestos fibers lead to piercing and frustrated phagocytosis. Thus, this study suggests a bending ratio of 0.97 and a static bending persistence length of 1.08 as threshold rigidity values for asbestos-like pathogenicity. However, additional research using MWCNTs with rigidity values that lie between those of non-inflammogenic (D-b = 0.66 and SBPL = 0.87) and inflammogenic fibers (D-b = 0.97 and SBPL = 1.09) is required to identify more accurate threshold values, which would be useful for comprehensive regulation and safety-by-design approaches based on MWCNTs.
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