期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 722-729出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16963
关键词
perovskite solar cells; grain growth; optoelectronic performance; hysteresis; hybrid deposition; grain and interface passivation
资金
- German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy in the project PersiST [0324037A]
- University of Pavia
- Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (BDU)
Perovskite solar cells have become a game changer in the field of photovoltaics by reaching power conversion efficiencies beyond 23%. To achieve even higher efficiencies, it is necessary to increase the understanding of crystallization, grain formation, and layer ripening. In this study, by a systematic variation of methylammonium iodide (MAI) concentrations, we changed the stoichiometry and thereupon the crystal growth conditions in MAPbI(3) perovskite solar cells, prepared by a two-step hybrid evaporation-spin-coating deposition method. Utilizing X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence, and current-voltage (J-V) characterization, we found that a relatively lower concentration of MAI, or in other words higher content of remnant and unconverted PbI2, correlates with smaller and stronger interconnected grains, as well as with an improved optoelectronic performance of the solar cells and mitigation of hysteresis. The possible explanations are grain and interface passivation by the excess PbI2 and a positive contribution of the grain boundaries to current extraction.
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