Analysis of phenolic compounds in commercial dried grape pomace by high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

By-products obtained from winemaking processes still contain large amounts of phenolic compounds, especially phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols, stilbenes, and flavonoids. Enzymatic hydrolysis was used for determination and characterization of phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols, and stilbenes. Characterization of the flavonoids was achieved using acid hydrolysis with 0.1% hydrochloric acid. In addition, organic solvents as 50% methanol, 70% methanol, 50% acetone, 0.01% pectinase, and 100% petroleum ether were also evaluated. Reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with diode array detector was used to identify phenolic compounds. Internal standard quantification was implemented using a five points of the UV-visible absorption data collected at the wavelength of maximum absorbance. A total of 16 phenolic compounds were determined. The content differed from 1.19 to 1124 mg kg(-1). Outcomes from HPLC study showed that gallic acid, (+) catechin hydrate, and (-) epicatechin gallate were the major phenolic compounds presented in the sample. Malvidin and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside were the major anthocyanins monoglucosides.