期刊
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
卷 118, 期 10, 页码 4069-4089出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50211
关键词
Saharan heat low; dust; haboob; monsoon; low-level jet; Saharan upper boundary-layer jet
资金
- NERC consortium grant [NE/G017166/1]
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/G017166/1, NE/G01826X/1, NE/G016283/1, ncas10003] Funding Source: researchfish
- NERC [NE/G017166/1, NE/G016283/1, NE/G01826X/1, ncas10003] Funding Source: UKRI
We describe observations from the Fennec supersite at Bordj Badji Mokhtar (BBM) made during the June 2011 Fennec Intensive Observation Period. These are the first detailed in situ observations of meteorology and dust from the central Sahara, close to the center of the Saharan heat low and the summertime dust maximum. Historically, a shortage of such Saharan observations has created problems for evaluating processes, models, and remote sensing. There was a monsoon influence at BBM before 8 June and after 12 June, with dry Harmattan winds in between. A split boundary layer, generated by ventilation from the Atlantic, persisted during the drier phase. Extensive cold pools (haboobs) and microburst-type events were regularly observed. Moisture reached BBM at night from the monsoon and the embedded haboobs. As well as the regularly occurring nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ), a Saharan upper boundary layer (650 hPa) jet was observed, where winds feel drag from dry convection in the afternoon. This jet is linked to the diurnal cycles of moisture and cloud. Most dust was observed in the cloudier monsoon-affected periods, and covarying dust and cloud amounts explain most of the variations in shortwave radiation that control the surface sensible flux. Dustiness is related to a standard parameterization of uplift using 10 m winds (uplift potential), and this is used to estimate uplift. Around 50% of uplift is nocturnal. Around 30% is from the LLJ, and 50% is from haboobs, which are mainly nocturnal. This demonstrates, for the first time from observations, the key role of haboobs, which are problematic for models.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据