期刊
REDOX BIOLOGY
卷 3, 期 -, 页码 109-123出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.10.004
关键词
Nitroxidative stress; Redox; Post-translational modifications; Mitochondrial proteins; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Tissue injury
资金
- Intramural Program Fund at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Mitochondria are critically important in providing cellular energy ATP as well as their involvement in anfi-oxiclant defense, fat oxidation, intermediary metabolism and cell death processes lt is well-established that mitochondrial functions are suppressed when living cells or organisms are exposed to potentially toxic agents including alcohol, high fat diets, smoking and certain drugs or in many pathophysiological states through increased levels of oxidative/nitrative stress. Under elevated nitroxidative stress, cellular macromolecules proteins, DNA, and lipids can undergo different oxidative modifications, leading to disruption of their normal, sometimes critical, physiological functions. Recent reports also indicated that many mitochondrial proteins are modified via various post-translation modifications (PTMs) and primarily inactivated. Because of the recently-emerging information, in this review, we specifically focus on the mechanisms and roles of five major PTMs (namely oxidation, nitration, phosphorylation, acetylation, and adduct formation with lipid-peroxides, reactive metabolites, or advanced glycation end products) in experimental models of alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as well as acute hepatic injury caused by toxic compounds. We also highlight the role of the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) in some of these PTM changes. Finally, we discuss translational research opportunities with natural and/or synthetic anti-oxidants, which can prevent or delay the onset of mitochondial dysfunction, fat accumulation and tissue injury. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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