期刊
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
卷 21, 期 1, 页码 25-34出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10789669.2014.965557
关键词
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资金
- Research Grants Council (RGC) of the Hong Kong SAR Government [HKU7142/12]
- National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) of the State Council of Chinese Government [51278440]
- Singapore National Medical Research Council [NMRC/1208/2009]
- U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
- EPSRC [EP/G029768/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G029768/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Indoor microorganisms and infection have become an emerging direction in indoor air quality research science. Airborne droplet nuclei can serve as carriers of respiratory infectious diseases. The study of expiratory droplets and their exposure control has received particular attention since the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemics and the 2009 influenza pandemics. Little is known about how effective the commonly used indoor environment control strategies are for infection control. Significant questions also exist on the ventilation requirements for airborne infection control. There is a broad range of relevant important issues, including the exposure risk, and effective control methods in various indoor settings, such as hospitals, homes, schools, and offices. What is known is that the minimum required ventilation rate for infection control in hospitals can be much higher than the general health and comfort requirement in homes and offices. This has resulted in significant energy-efficiency issues in healthcare facilities. This review considers the current knowledge on airborne transmission of infection and the potential implications of a move to low-energy design, particularly in hospitals, on the risk of infection. The review outlines active research and development on reducing hospital energy use while improving infection control and discusses the potential for conducting clinical trials to gain the necessary evidence to support changes in hospital ventilation design.
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