期刊
REDOX BIOLOGY
卷 6, 期 -, 页码 334-343出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.009
关键词
Nitric oxide; iNOS; Cancer; Apoptosis; Stroma; Cell situation
资金
- NIH [R24 DA018055]
Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the 10 smallest molecules found in nature. It is a simple gaseous free radical whose predominant functions is that of a messenger through cGMP. In mammals, NO is synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of which there are three isoforms. Neuronal (nNOS, NOS1) and endothelial (eNOS, NOS3) are constitutive calcium-dependent forms of the enzyme that regulate neural and vascular function respectively. The third isoform (iNOS, NOS2), is calcium-independent and is inducible. In many tumors, iNOS expression is high, however, the role of iNOS during tumor development is very complex and quite perplexing, with both promoting and inhibiting actions having been described. This review will aim to summarize the dual actions of iNOS-derived NO showing that the microenvironment of the tumor is a contributing factor to these observations and ultimately to cellular outcomes. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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