Applying Social Learning Theory to the Observer Role in Simulation

Students are often assigned to the role of observer during simulation experiences. Educators may struggle with the best way to provide learning experiences for students participating in this role. This article describes how one Midwest community college utilizes the component processes of Bandura's observational learning as a foundation to design simulation experiences around the observer role. Utilizing the component processes of attention, retention, motivation, and motor reproduction to design simulation experiences provides all participants, regardless of the role, the same opportunities to achieve scenario learning objectives. Short videos illustrating these concepts are included and examples of activities for each component of observational learning are provided. Recommendations for future research related to the role of observer are shared. (C) 2014 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.