期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
卷 10, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.034044
关键词
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资金
- United States Army Research Laboratory
- United States Army Research Office [W911NF1510548]
- National Science Foundation Electronics, Photonics and Magnetic Devices (EPMD)
- Physics of Living Systems (PoLS)
- Integrated NSF Support Promoting Interdisciplinary Research and Education (INSPIRE) programs
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-17-1-0371]
- Lock-heed Martin [A32198]
- Fannie and John Hertz Foundation
- National Science Foundation [1122374]
We demonstrate a vector magnetometer that simultaneously measures all Cartesian components of a dynamic magnetic field using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a single-crystal diamond. Optical NV-diamond measurements provide high-sensitivity, broadband magnetometry under ambient or extreme physical conditions and the fixed crystallographic axes inherent to this solid-state system enable vector sensing free from heading errors. In the present device, multichannel lock-in detection extracts the magnetic-field-dependent spin-resonance shifts of NVs oriented along all four tetrahedral diamond axes from the optical signal measured on a single detector. The sensor operates from near dc (5 Hz) up to a 12.5-kHz measurement bandwidth and simultaneously achieves approximately 50 pT/root Hz magnetic-field sensitivity for each Cartesian component, which is, to date, the highest demonstrated sensitivity of a full vector magnetometer employing solid-state spins. Compared to optimized devices interrogating the four NV orientations sequentially, the simultaneous vector magnetometer enables a 4x measurement speedup. This technique can be extended to pulsed-type sensing protocols and parallel wide-field magnetic imaging.
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