期刊
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
卷 5, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00049
关键词
aging; cerebral blood flow; physiology; transcranial doppler; arterial stiffness
类别
资金
- Canadian Stroke Network (CSN)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada (HSFC)
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Alzheimer Society of Canada
- Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
- Alberta-Innovates-Health Solutions (AI-HS) doctoral fellowship
- CIHR-HSFC Focus on Stroke doctoral fellowship
- NSERC
- AI-HS post-doctoral fellowships
- AI-HS
- Kathy Taylor Chair in Vascular Dementia
- Marc J. Poulin is the Brenda Strafford Foundation Chair in Alzheimer Research
Aging is associated with decreased vascular compliance and diminished neurovascular- and hypercapnia-evoked cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses. However, the interplay between arterial stiffness and reduced CBF responses is poorly understood. It was hypothesized that increased cerebral arterial stiffness is associated with reduced evoked responses to both, a flashing checkerboard visual stimulation (i.e., neurovascular coupling), and hypercapnia. To test this hypothesis, 20 older (64 +/- 8 year; mean +/- SD) and 10 young (30 +/- 5 year) subjects underwent a visual stimulation (VS) and a hypercapnic test. Blood velocity through the posterior (PCA) and middle cerebral (MCA) arteries was measured concurrently using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). Cerebral and systemic vascular stiffness were calculated from the cerebral blood velocity and systemic blood pressure waveforms, respectively. Cerebrovascular (MCA: young = 76 +/- 15%, older = 98 +/- 19%, p = 0.004; PCA: young = 80 +/- 16%, older = 106 +/- 17%, p < 0.001) and systemic (young = 59 +/- 9% and older = 80 +/- 9%, p < 0.001) augmentation indices (AI) were higher in the older group. CBF responses to VS (PCA: p < 0.026) and hypercapnia (PCA: p = 0.018; MCA: p = 0.042) were lower in the older group. A curvilinear model fitted to cerebral AI and age showed Al increases until 60 years of age, after which the increase levels off (PCA: R-2 = 0.45, p < 0.001; MCA: R-2 = 0.31, p < 0.001). Finally, MCA, but not RCA, hypercapnic reactivity was inversely related to cerebral Al (MCA: R-2 = 0.28, p = 0.002; RCA: R-2 = 0.10, p = 0.104). A similar inverse relationship was not observed with the RCA blood flow response to VS (R-2 = 0.06, p = 0.174). In conclusion, older subjects had reduced neurovascular- and hypercapnia-mediated CBF responses. Furthermore, lower hypercapnia-mediated blood flow responses through the MCA were associated with increased vascular stiffness. These findings suggest the reduced hypercapnia-evoked CBF responses through the MCA, in older individuals may be secondary to vascular stiffening.
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